How a High-Gradient Magnetic Field Could Affect Cell Life.

Abstract

The biological effects of high-gradient magnetic fields (HGMFs) have steadily gained the increased attention of researchers from different disciplines, such as cell biology, cell therapy, targeted stem cell delivery and nanomedicine. We present a theoretical framework towards a fundamental understanding of the effects of HGMFs on intracellular processes, highlighting new directions for the study of living cell machinery: changing the probability of ion-channel on/off switching events by membrane magneto-mechanical stress, suppression of cell growth by magnetic pressure, magnetically induced cell division and cell reprograming, and forced migration of membrane receptor proteins. By deriving a generalized form for the Nernst equation, we find that a relatively small magnetic field (approximately 1 T) with a large gradient (up to 1 GT/m) can significantly change the membrane potential of the cell and thus have a significant impact on not only the properties and biological functionality of cells but also cell fate.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27857227

The effects of tumor treating fields and temozolomide in MGMT expressing and non-expressing patient-derived glioblastoma cells.

Abstract

A recent Phase 3 study of newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) demonstrated the addition of tumor treating fields (TTFields) to temozolomide (TMZ) after combined radiation/TMZ significantly increased survival and progression free survival. Preliminary data suggested benefit with both methylated and unmethylated O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyl-transferase (MGMT) promoter status. To date, however, there have been no studies to address the potential interactions of TTFields and TMZ. Thus, the effects of TTFields and TMZ were studied in vitro using patient-derived GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) including MGMT expressing (TMZ resistant: 12.1 and 22GSC) and non-MGMT expressing (TMZ sensitive: 33 and 114GSC) lines. Dose-response curves were constructed using cell proliferation and sphere-forming assays. Results demonstrated a ⩾10-fold increase in TMZ resistance of MGMT-expressing (12.1GSCs: IC50=160μM; 22GSCs: IC50=44μM) compared to MGMT non-expressing (33GSCs: IC50=1.5μM; 114GSCs: IC50=5.2μM) lines. TTFields inhibited 12.1 GSC proliferation at all tested doses (50-500kHz) with an optimal frequency of 200kHz. At 200kHz, TTFields inhibited proliferation and tumor sphere formation of both MGMT GSC subtypes at comparable levels (12.1GSC: 74±2.9% and 38±3.2%, respectively; 22GSC: 61±11% and 38±2.6%, respectively; 33GSC: 56±9.5% and 60±7.1%, respectively; 114 GSC: 79±3.5% and 41±4.3%, respectively). In combination, TTFields (200kHz) and TMZ showed an additive anti-neoplastic effect with equal efficacy for TTFields in both cell types (i.e., ± MGMT expression) with no effect on TMZ resistance. This is the first demonstration of the effects of TTFields on cancer stem cells. The expansion of such studies may have clinical implications.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27865821

Cancer is promoted by cellular states of electromagnetic decoherence and can be corrected by exposure to coherent non-ionizing electromagnetic fields A physical model about cell-sustaining and cell-decaying soliton eigen-frequencies

Abstract

Physical and biological evidence has been found for the hypothesis that carcinogenesis fits in a frequency pattern of electromagnetic (EM) waves, in which a gradual loss of cellular organization occurs. We find that cancer can be initiated and promoted at typical frequencies of electromagnetic waves positioned in decoherent soliton frequency zones. In contrast, the generation of cancer features can be inhibited and retarded by application of coherent soliton frequencies. This hypothesis has been substantiated by 200 different EM frequency data in 320 different published biomedical studies. All frequencies, ranging from sub Hz till Peta Hertz, could be normalized into 12 basic beneficial (anti-cancer) frequencies, and 12 basic detrimental (cancer promoting) frequencies, that exhibit a deviation from coherency and related geometry. Inhibiting of the cancer process, and even curing of the disease, could be further considered by exposure to coherent EM fields. Such coherent solitons frequency zones can, for instance, be implemented in man-made therapeutic radiation technology. Inhibition and retardation of the cancer process can take place through stabilization of the identified eigen-frequencies, characteristic for the proper functioning of living cells. The present hypothesis can be viewed upon as a further elaboration of the theory presented by Fröhlich in 1968 and his postulate that biological systems exhibit coherent longitudinal vibrations of electrically polar macromolecular structures. Fröhlich’s condensation of oscillators in vibration modes is usually compared with Bose–Einstein condensation and phenomena involving macroscopic quantum coherence. At the same time, Davydov discovered the related principle of longitudinal wave forms called solitons. Solitons with discrete wave frequencies can induce direct changes in DNA/RNA conformation and/or epigenetic changes, in addition to perturbation of protein folding and disturbance of intra and intercellular wave communication that is essential for the health ecology of cells. It is further hypothesized that such wave energies and eigen-frequencies can be optimally expressed by a toroidal geometry.

Cancer is promoted by cellular states of electromagnetic decoherence and can be corrected by exposure to coherent non-ionizing electromagnetic fields A physical model about cell-sustaining and cell-decaying soliton eigen-frequencies. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316058728_Cancer_is_promoted_by_cellular_states_of_electromagnetic_decoherence_and_can_be_corrected_by_exposure_to_coherent_non-ionizing_electromagnetic_fields_A_physical_model_about_cell-sustaining_and_cell-de [accessed Jun 16, 2017].